There are at least two uses of Fingerprinting in petroleum industry.
in this case the first inspection of a new pipeline is called Fingerprinting and uses a SMART PIG. https://www.penspen.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/smart-pig...
Quote ****A recent ‘fingerprint’ smart pigging inspection**** recorded
over 40,000 metal loss (corrosion) features in a 57km 42”

请你看看 https://m.crimeawalks.com/definition/1521/smart-pig 聪明猪是什么意思?
智能猪是一种检测装置，记录有关管道内部条件的信息。它用于检测和测量内部和外部在管壁上的腐蚀和金属损失。智能猪还可以检测管道中的曲率。

当参考使用智能猪的管道时，有些可能将该过程称为“排成管道”。

智能猪也被称为管猪，管道猪，管道检查量表，管道内联检查工具，天然气管道检查工具或腐蚀检测猪。
diameter, dry gas pipeline supplying a major LNG facility in
Indonesia. The pipeline had been in operation for less than 6
months. Assessment of these results by the inspection company
identified 10 sections of pipe that required repair according to
ASME B31.G, indicating that the pipeline was not ‘fit for
purpose’. The pipeline operator immediately cut out these 10
sections to ensure the continued safe operation of the new
pipeline.

https://www.penspen.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/smart-pig... When new transmission pipelines are built it is increasingly
common to carry out***** an inspection using a smart pig.****** These
early inspections, carried out prior to, or within 1 year of
commissioning, are often referred to *****as ‘fingerprint’ run ****
请看 Please note important words above REFERRED TO AS FINGERPRINT RUN